behaviorism(behaviorism的缺点)

Behaviorism的定义是什么

Behaviorismwasamovementinpsychologyand

philosophythatemphasizedtheoutwardbehavioral

aspectsofthoughtanddismissedtheinward

experientialandsometimestheinnerprocedural

aspectsaswell;amovementharkingbacktothe

methodologicalproposalsofJohnB.Watson,who

coinedthename.Watson's1912manifestoproposed

abandoningIntrospectionistattemptstomake

consciousnessasubjectofexperimental

investigationtofocusinsteadonbehavioral

manifestationsofintelligence.B.F.Skinner

laterhardenedbehavioriststricturestoexclude

innerphysiologicalprocessesalongwithinward

experiencesasitemsoflegitimatepsychological

concern.Consequently,thesuccessful"cognitive

revolution"ofthenineteensixtiesstyleditself

arevoltagainstbehaviorismeventhoughthe

computationalprocessescognitivismhypothesized

wouldbepublicandobjective--notthesortof

privatesubjectiveprocessesWatsonbanned.

Consequently(andironically),would-be-scientific

championsofconsciousnessnowindictcognitivism

forits"behavioristic"neglectofinward

experience.Theenduringphilosophicalinterest

ofbehaviorismconcernsthismethodological

challengetothescientificbonafidesof

consciousness(onbehalfofempiricism)and,

connectedly(inaccordwithmaterialism),its

challengetothesupposedmetaphysicalinwardness,

orsubjectivity,ofthought.Althoughbehaviorism

asanavowedmovementmayhavefewremaining

advocates,variouspracticesandtrendsin

psychologyandphilosophymaystillusefullybe

styled"behavioristic".Aslongasexperimental

rigorinpsychologyisheldto

require"operationalization"ofvariables,

behaviorism'smethodologicalmarkremains.Recent

attemptstorevivedoctrinesof"ontological

subjectivity"(Searle1992)inphilosophyand

bring"consciousnessresearch"undertheaegisof

CognitiveScience(seeHorgan1994)pointupthe

continuingrelevanceofbehaviorism'smetaphysical

andmethodologicalchallenges.

psychology是什么意思

psychology的意思是心理学。

psychology读音：英[saɪˈkɒlədʒi]，美[saɪˈkɑːlədʒi]，解释：心理学；心理状态。

psychology造句：

1、Heusedpoorpsychologyonhisemployerwhentryingtomakethepoint.

当他想尽力达到这一点时，他对老板使的心计很不高明。

2、Imagerywasexcludedfromthepsychologystudybecauseoftheinfluenceofthebehaviorism.

由于行为主义的影响，长期以来，表象被排除在心理学研究之外。

3、It'samishmashofconceptsfromBehavioralPsychologyandBehaviorModification.

将行为心理学和行为矫正的一些概念混杂在一起，构成了这个计划的理论。

behaviorism的缺点

behaviorism是行为主义。

1、把人的心理过程看的太过简单，实验中往往只是测量简单的心理过程，有些结论不能迁移到现实生活中，所以往往外部效度不高。

2、反对内省，主张用实验的方法。行为主义锐意研究可以观察的行为，但是由于它的主张过于极端，不研究心理的内部结构和过程，否定意识的重要性，因而限制了心理学的健康发展。

本文链接：https://bk.89qw.com/a-1237914